When was marketing first introduced to the healthcare field?

Discussion post:

1 paragraph

1. When was marketing first introduced to the healthcare field?
2. In today’s environment, does healthcare organization use marketing as a way to change their public perception or to increase revenue?
3. Are negative actions (ex: employee terminations, healthcare fraud) promoted quicker than positive (ex: company donations, saving a sick child) appraisals? Why? Can a good marketing campaign improve a terrible image?